How Evil is Portrayed in Lord of the Flies by George Orwell Essay examp

How Evil is Portrayed in Lord of the Flies by George Orwell William Golding utilizes moral story in Lord of the Flies to depict the abhorrence that is in individuals. A moral story is a story with a basic significance just as a strict one. William Golding utilizes moral story on two levels in Lord of the Flies, one identifying with World War Two that had simply occurred when the book was composed and another identifying with Jesus Christ and the Garden of Eden. A significant part of the novel is the time in which it was composed, because of the Second World War finishing. This implies that Golding would have encountered and seen the cold-bloodedness and harshness of man. William Golding had a hypothesis regarding why individuals do malicious things. This was known as the 'first sin' or 'inward underhanded'. He accepted that when you are conceived you have a specific measure of good and a specific measure of underhandedness inside you. There are numerous characters that are protrayed as abhorrent, one of which is Roger. Roger is unadulterated insidiousness, and just in the last four sections does the peruser find this. Roger is by all accounts very bashful toward the start of the story when he walks in with the ensemble. Nonetheless, as the story advances, Roger begins to give indications of malice getting away from him. Roger could be compeared to satan in a metaphorical level. He can be decribed as satan in view of the quantity of wickedness acts which have been manufested by him. He additionally is the person who is exclusively answerable for the demise of Piggy. Roger is depicted as a little kid with messy and shaggy dark hair, ' he was observably darker than when he had dropped in, however the stun of dark hair down his scruff and low on his brow, appeared to suit his bleak face and mama... ... depict abhorrent in the Lord of the Flies, for example, Roger, the 'scar' and the 'beastie'. Toward the finish of the novel they are spared by a maritime official. The appearance of the maritime official accordingly appears to be a cheerful and amusing completion, however on the off chance that one burrows further it is only a duration from one war to another. When all the young men jump on the Navy cruiser, they'll in all likelihood simply be exposed to more fight and battling, this time on an overall level, because of the war occurring in the outside world. Golding makes his perspectives and messages of the 'haziness in keeps an eye on heart' with this book, since it gives us what man is able to do if there was no social control. He has given us that without these conditions, our beliefs, values, and the nuts and bolts of good and bad are lost. Without society's inflexible principles, insurgency and viciousness can come to light.

Barnes% Noble Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Barnes% Noble - Essay Example Another factor influencing the segment of distributing is the consistent increment of the cost of oil and petroleum gas. In printing, the greater part of the crude materials utilized for printing like inks are gotten from oil. Its mail request index is likewise influenced by the increasing expense of postage. In printing, which makes the mass out of Barnes &Noble’s costs, one of the issues beside increasing expense is the huge measure of paper utilized and the harmful waste it creates, for example, solvents and inks. Moreover the business sees the computerized innovation rather costly and cuts their benefit. As to accessibility of transportation and delivery carriers, I consider no to be with regards to its accessibility since there are accessible organizations like Fedex and other aircraft organizations. The main issue seen here is the expense of cargo, and protection. As to work, Barnes and Noble perceives the endeavors of representatives by giving them a remunerating vocation experience. Serious pay, advantage bundle and advancement. It gives representatives a money related security plan, wiped out leave and incapacity pay, disaster protection, proceeding with training, travel advantages and limits (Barnes and Noble, n. d.). They accept that it is compensating to find new journalists. Normal yearly income of a print machine representative is $145,000.(First Research) while pay for authors isn't revealed. A provider has dealing power on the off chance that he have the ability to rule the contracting accomplice due o its impact, force, status or size, or through a blend of different strategies. Barnes and Noble who possesses the biggest chain of book shops in US, has the ability to order the cost of books and to control

A Study On Corruption In Bangladesh Politics Essay

A Study On Corruption In Bangladesh Politics Essay Bangladesh, without a doubt, is one of the universes most populated nations, with negligible advancement on account of its moderately late autonomy in 1971, just as its constrained assets. Bangladesh’s battle to turn into a free and created nation has been troublesome, hence making it perhaps the most unfortunate nation on the planet. It positions 36th on the planet for having the biggest bit of the populace underneath the neediness line. Since individuals don't have an adequate measure of cash, they begin to search for alternatives in which they can look for individual addition, while dismissing moral inquiries. Defilement is a putrefy plague in Bangladeshi society, infiltrating the very texture of the people’s lives. This keeps rich nations from viably administrating critical guide to neediness stricken Bangladesh as a result of concerns with respect to the wild destitution. Defilement not just handicapped people the financial improvement of a nation, yet it likewise harms capital collection, builds salary imbalance, neediness and diminishes the viability of advancement aid.[1] Due to its geographic area, Bangladesh is exposed to numerous cataclysmic events, for example, floods, quakes and torrents. Bangladesh’s powerlessness to cataclysmic events irrefutably leaves the greater part the country subject to water, which is currently their methods for living. Individuals in Bangladesh can't meet the essential necessities of life and therefore, this triggers destitution. Over 45% of Bangladesh’s populace is beneath the neediness line starting at 2004. Subsequently, the procedure of destitution prompts numerous individuals going into misery. In the same way as other creating countries, Bangladesh faces huge difficulties. It will never have a practical future since factors like defilement, defenselessness to catastrophic events and destitution frustrate the nation’s progress. Bangladesh is, where in excess of 40 percent of the pop ulace lives not exactly a dollar daily, and a factor like defilement is simply shielding its economy from improving. Worldwide guard dog Transparency International evaluated Bangladesh the world’s most degenerate country for five continuous years since 2001.[2] It has been assessed that about 75% more than $35 billion dollars got since autonomy has been lost for corruption.[3] Many government officials in Bangladesh accomplish private addition furtively and are rarely considered responsible or blamed for it in light of the fact that for their high positions. Indeed, even the most noteworthy officials of governmental issues and legal executive have been polluted by the abhorrence of defilement. Cash is constantly used to top off the pockets of debased agents. The informed are chosen through apparatus, and once they have an enormous state in the administration, they abuse their capacity of power. The expansion in defilement is because of wrong and lacking uses of law. There hav e been no viable advances or exercises taken to fight wrongdoing. Clearly, it is difficult to make a move against degenerate government authorities thus this all supports them towards more prominent corruption.[4] Corruption is additionally apparent due to Bangladesh’s inability to rehearse appropriate majority rule government. At the point when cash is plagued into Bangladesh’s economy, it is never used to abrogate its shortcomings and rather utilized deceptively. Since freedom, the greater part of the individuals who controlled the nation were degenerate. Taking all things together, the nonappearance of dependable and legit initiative to control a country is the significant reason for the expansion in corruption.[5]

50 Great Argumentative Essay Topics for Any Assignment

50 Great Argumentative Essay Topics for Any Assignment SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Sooner or later, you’re going to be approached to compose a pugnacious paper. A factious article is actually what it seems like-a paper wherein you’ll be making a contention, utilizing models and research to back up your point. Be that as it may, not all pugnacious article subjects are made equivalent. In addition to the fact that you have to structure your exposition option to goodly affect the peruser, however even your decision of subject can affect how perusers feel about your work. In this article, we’ll spread the essentials of composing pugnacious expositions, including what contentious papers are, the means by which to compose a decent one, and how to pick a subject that functions for you. At that point look at a rundown of pugnacious article thoughts to assist you with beginning. What Is an Argumentative Essay? A factious article is one that makes a contention through research. These papers take a position and bolster it through proof, be that as it may, in contrast to numerous different sorts of papers, they are keen on communicating a particular contention upheld by research and proof. A decent pugnacious article will be founded on built up or new research as opposed to just on your contemplations and sentiments. Envision that you’re attempting to get your folks to raise your stipend, and you can offer one of two contentions in support of you: You should raise my stipend since I need you to. You should raise my remittance in light of the fact that I’ve been taking on more errands without whining. The first contention is based completely in quite a while with no real reinforcement, though the second depends on proof that can be demonstrated. Your folks are bound to react emphatically to the second contention since it shows that you have planned something for acquire the expanded remittance. Likewise, a very much explored and contemplated contention will show perusers that your point has a premise truth be told, not simply emotions. The standard five-section exposition is basic recorded as a hard copy contentious papers, yet it’s not by any means the only method to keep in touch with one. A pugnacious exposition is normally written in one of two configurations, the Toulmin model or the Rogerian model. The Toulmin model is the most widely recognized, included a presentation with a case (also called a theory), with information to help it. This style of paper will likewise incorporate replies, assisting with reinforcing your contention by envisioning counterarguments. The Rogerian model investigates different sides of a contention and arrives at a resolution subsequent to gauging the qualities and shortcomings of each. Both paper styles depend on all around contemplated rationale and supporting proof to demonstrate a point, just in two distinct ways. The significant thing to note about contentious expositions instead of different sorts of articles is that they plan to contend a particular point as opposed to disclose something or to recount to a story. While they may share a few things practically speaking with diagnostic papers, the essential contrast is in their goal a factious article plans to persuade somebody regarding something, though a scientific exposition contextualizes a theme with examine. On the off chance that all works out in a good way, your article could be in a book this way! What Makes a Good Argumentative Essay? To compose a successful pugnacious exposition, you have to realize what a decent one resembles. Notwithstanding a strong structure, you’ll need a contention, a solid theory, and strong research. An Argument In contrast to different types of expositions, you are attempting to persuade your peruser of something. You’re not simply showing them an idea or exhibiting a thought you’re building a contention to change the readers’ thinking. You’ll need to build up a decent contention, which includes your central matter, yet in addition all the pieces that make it up. Think past what you are stating and incorporate how you’re saying it. In what manner will you take a thought and transform it into an unpredictable and very much idea out contention that is equipped for changing somebody’s mind? A Strong Thesis The theory is the center of your contention. What explicit message would you say you are attempting to get over? Express that message in one sentence, and that will be your proposition. This is the establishment on which your article is fabricated, so it should be solid and very much contemplated. You should have the option to develop it with realities and sources, not simply emotions. Research A decent factious article isn’t simply dependent on your individual considerations, yet inquire about. That can be refering to sources and different contentions or it can mean direct research in the field, contingent upon what your contention is and the setting wherein you are contending it. Be set up to back your theory up with revealing from logical diaries, papers, or different types of research. Having very much looked into sources will help bolster your contention superior to noise or suspicions. In the event that you can’t discover enough research to back up your point, it’s worth reexamining your proposition or directing unique research, if conceivable. Step by step instructions to Come Up With an Argumentative Essay Topic Now and then you may get yourself contending things you don’t fundamentally accept. That’s absolutely fine-you don’t really need to wholeheartedly trust in what you’re contending so as to develop a convincing contention. Notwithstanding, in the event that you have free decision of subject, it’s a smart thought to pick something you feel emphatically about. There are two key segments to a decent factious article: a solid position, and a collection of proof. On the off chance that you’re intrigued and feel enthusiastic about the point you choose,you'll have a simpler time findingevidence to supportit, however the proof's generally significant. In this way, to pick a point, consider things you feel firmly about, regardless of whether emphatically or contrarily. You can make a rundown of thoughts and tight those down to a bunch of things, at that point develop those thoughts with a couple of potential focuses you need to hit on. For instance, say you’re attempting to choose whether you ought to expound on how your neighborhood should boycott weed executioner, that your school’s lunch ought to be free for all understudies, or that the school day ought to be cut by 60 minutes. To settle on these thoughts, you can make a rundown of three to five focuses for every that spread the distinctive proof you could use to help each point. For the weed executioner boycott, you could state that weed executioner has been demonstrated to impactsly affect honey bees, that there are basic, characteristic other options, and that weeds aren’t in reality awful to have around. For the free lunch thought, you could propose that a few understudies need to go hungry on the grounds that they can’t bear the cost of lunch, that assets could be redirected from different spots to help free lunch, and that different things, similar to chips or pizza, could be offered to help make up lost income. Also, for the school day length model, you could contend that youngsters for the most part don’t get enough rest, that you have an excessive amount of schoolwork and not sufficient opportunity to do it, and that adolescents don’t invest enough energy with their families. You may discover as you make these rundowns that some of them are more grounded than others. The more proof you have and the more grounded you feel that that proof is, the better the point. Obviously, on the off chance that you feel that one subject may have more proof yet you’d rather not expound on it, it’s alright to pickanother point. When you’re making contentions, it very well may be a lot simpler to discover solid focuses and proof in the event that you feel enthusiastic aboutour subject than if you don't. 50 Argumentative Essay Topic Ideas On the off chance that you’re battling to think of themes all alone, read through this rundown of factious exposition points to help kick you off! Science Ought to fracking be lawful? Should guardians have the option to alter their unborn kids? Do GMOs help or damage individuals? Should inoculations be required for understudies to go to state funded school? Should world governments engage in tending to environmental change? Innovation Ought to Facebook be permitted to gather information from its clients? Should self-driving vehicles be lawful? Is it moral to supplant human laborers with robotization? Ought to there be laws against utilizing mobile phones while driving? Has the web decidedly or adversely affected human culture? Sports Should school competitors be paid for being on sports groups? Should mentors and players make a similar measure of cash? Should sports be isolated by sexual orientation? Should the idea of assigned hitters in baseball be nullified? Would it be a good idea for us to sports pay attention to soccer more? Religion Should strict associations need to cover charges? Should strict clubs be permitted in schools? Ought to â€Å"one country under God† be in the vow of faithfulness? Should religion be instructed in schools? Should pastorate be permitted to wed? Wellbeing Should minors have the option to buy conception prevention without parental assent? Should the US change to single-payer medicinal services? Should helped self destruction be legitimate? Should dietary enhancements and weight reduction things like teas be permitted to promote through influencers? Should specialists be permitted to advance drugs? Government/Politics Is the appointive school a successful framework for present day America? Ought to Puerto Rico become a state? Should voter enrollment be programmed? Should individuals in jail be permitted to cast a ballot? Should Supreme Court judges be chosen? Morals Should sex work be authorized? Should Columbus Day be supplanted with Indigenous Peoples’ Day? Should capital punishment be lawful? Should creature testing be permitted? Should sedate belonging be decriminalized? Monetary Should unpaid temporary jobs be lawful? Should the lowest pay permitted by law be expanded? Should imposing business models be permitted? Is all inclusive fundamental pay a smart thought? Should organizations have a sequential duty rate? Instruction Are school outfits a smart thought? Should PE influence a studentâ

Sociological Theories About The Modern Family Free Essays

â€Å"The family is the most significant foundation in the public arena. † This announcement is rehashed in pretty much every human science message in some structure or another. Notwithstanding, current patterns recommend that there might be a few errors in this case. We will compose a custom article test on Sociological Theories About The Modern Family or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now Family is undoubtedly significant and important. It can even be characterized as significant, yet its relationship to the term institutional might be dangerous. The contention is natural in the meaning of family based of the functionalists and the contention scholars. Functionalist Theory This traditionalist, full scale level viewpoint underlines the job of family as a social foundation that adds to social security. Carroll (2012) clarifies that the brutality and dread of the French Revolution and the mass viciousness coming about because of the edgy conditions of the laborers during the Industrial Revolution prompted fears of the results of a disintegrating social request. Out of this dread developed moderate scholarly works that analyzed social securities, rules, and socialization rehearses that empower society to keep up a feeling of steadiness that benefits all citizenry. Utilitarian scholars caution of desperate results if a solid society and viable socialization rehearses are not kept up. Carroll clarifies that Émile Durkheim, the French researcher who initially introduced this hypothesis, recommended that society had an ethical power to â€Å"limit individual aspirations† so as to keep up standards and values and to restrain social change so as to forestall social change. Inside this hypothesis, family is viewed as the organization that is liable for mingling kids, managing sexual action and proliferation, and furnishes its individuals with a social personality (Carroll, 2012). Struggle Theory This large scale level viewpoint centers around the negative results of cultural standards, for example, social disparity, and looks to address and review the parts of society that sustain these unfortunate standards. Carroll (2012) clarifies that this hypothesis became out of crafted by Marx and Engels who accepted that upheaval was a fundamental advance for changing an entrepreneur social request that subjugated the common laborers (the working class) to the decision class (the bourgeoisie) and sustains neediness and hopelessness for the oppressed. The essential clash as indicated by Marx and Engels depends on sustaining social standards inside a class framework that benefits one class over another. Strife scholars look at how the nuclear family is likewise an organization that propagates disparity, by strengthening male centric society, between individuals from the family and tries to discover answers for decrease or take out these inborn imbalances. Women's activist hypothesis, specifically, assesses how sexual orientation disparity is propagated inside the family as kids are associated to satisfy future social, political, and financial jobs (Carroll, 2012). Emblematic Internationalist Theory A small scale point of view worldview analyzes the implications, translations, and understandings of the connections of people inside a general public. While this kind of hypothesis doesn't add to assessing and fathoming social issues, for example, destitution, prejudice, sexism, or social change, it allows a setting for understanding the idea of organizations, for example, the family, inside the large scale point of view speculations. Social request is transmitted through symbols†jobs, practices, and other social constructions†that are coordinated because of social connections (Carroll, 2012). Despite the fact that this is a small scale hypothetical worldview, understanding the connections, correspondence, images, and desires could add to lightening the conflict between the two large scale level hypotheses. Understanding what works and what doesn't work grants chances to change or erase the parts of family or relational peculiarities that adds to imbalance, without destroying the whole organization and causing total social change. The Changing Nature of Family O’Neill (2002) assesses the â€Å"fatherless family† and gives adequate insights to show that the breakdown of the customary group of father,â mother, and offspring†because of expanding divorce and without any father present reproduction†is associated with neediness, enthusiastic, mental, and heath issues, and connection issues with kids for solitary moms; medical problems or expanded commitment in high hazard practices for non-occupant fathers; destitution, hardship, school inconveniences, more medical issues, and expanded danger of maltreatment for kids who don't live with their organic dads. Her decision that these issues are the consequence of the breakdown of the family is a case of functionalist hypothesis. She recommends that the results are the aftereffect of the social breakdown of an imperative social establishment. A contention scholar would more than likely propose an alternate purpose behind the watched dysfunctions illustrated by O’Neill (2002). The representative internationalist would give unmistakable setting of the idea of the collaborations inside the families depicted by O’Neill and may find that the dysfunctions are not the consequence of protection from mingled standards, however in truth because of congruity. The â€Å"fatherless† family is driven by a mother, and she is probably going to be dependent upon cultural standards that reduce her capacity to acquire as much as her male partners (expanded poverty†which adds to more noteworthy pressure, decreased wellbeing, hardship, and so on ). The functionalist would contend that the upsetting outcomes found in these families are likewise vital results, as society must not compensate the individuals who try to disturb the social request. This functionalist mentality is apparent in current American political talk as various far conservative preservationist government officials are presenting and passing enactment that mirrors their fundamentalist Christian beliefs wherein man centric qualities that limit the â€Å"individual aspirations† of ladies to control their own generation. The conventional family comprises of a bread-winning dad and a home-production mother, a perfect that is held holy by this gathering of officials. The contention scholar, on the other hand, tries to find the builds in the public eye and inside the family that cause the imbalances, as opposed to accuse the disparities for the individuals who are caught by them for not adjusting to the functionalist standards. Families are proceeding to evolve†in any event the definition is†in that there is expanding acceptance†both social and legal†for families in which the essential grown-ups are an equivalent sex couple, either with or without posterity. The skirmish of philosophies despite everything seethes on in the United States, albeit an expanding number of statesâ have stretched out legitimate status to groups of this sort. In Canada, the Civil Marriage Act was passed in 2005 and after a concise re-vote in 2007†which vanquished the Conservative movement to reestablish the conventional meaning of marriage†marriage equity turned into a non-issue (strategically) when the head administrator declared his legislature would not bring it up once more (Makarenko, 2007). Family as a Societal Institution The family fills a practical need in the public arena in that it gives the earth to delivering, sustaining, and mingling the people to come. Be that as it may, the nature of family has changed altogether and a portion of the new styles of families†single parent families, living together associations, same-sex personal organizations, populist relationships, and mixed families†negate the cultural standards agent in a conventional man centric family. Cherlin (2004) clarifies that the â€Å"weakening of social standards that characterize partners’ behaviour† has deinstitutionalized marriage. The political and strict kickback is demonstrative of the moderate functionalist perspective on social soundness being dependent after keeping up the norm. Truth be told, these preservationists are holding a large number of social orders ills (for example , expanded wrongdoing, incapacitating neediness, sexual wantonness, and so on ) as proof that society is separating and customary standards must be restored so as to safeguard request. The contention scholars would contend that social standards are, truth be told, the wellspring of the dysfunctions in the public arena. The arrangement is some place in the middle. The social standards that characterize family as a foundation are likely risky. The parts of family that help and support cozy accomplices and kids are indispensable to our proceeded with prosperity. Truth be told look into recommends that the â€Å"symbolic significance† of marriage is as yet esteemed by people (Cherlin 2004). Family as an asylum, a sheltered spot to develop, learn, and accomplish, is a perfect that rouses us, yet family as an apparatus of the state to propagate imbalance is the thing that makes it a foundation. The functionalists are right, the establishments are falling flat, however another family worldview is rising. Family is progressively about the connections and what individuals from families can accomplish for one another, instead of what the unit can accomplish for the state. Burgess and Locke (1945) contended that the family is moving ceaselessly from â€Å"institution† and pushing toward â€Å"companionship†. Maybe the time has come to relinquish the functionalistâ definition and grasp the examination of the social internationalists â€Å"to comprehend the different person’s images and meanings†¦ [and] approach normal ground† (Hammond, 2009). Inglehart and Baker (2000) discovered proof in their World Values Surveys†that included 65 social orders that spoke to 75 percent of the world’s population†that strict and conventional qualities keep on leaving an engraving upon societies however monetary improvement is â€Å"associated with shifts from outright standards and

Starting College Without a Major

Starting College Without a Major When I applied to Illinois, I applied to the Division of General Studies (DGS). I was not ready to commit to a major, and major exploration sounded like exactly what I needed. At the same time, all of my friends were pretty committed to one major and one career path.  And what ended up happening? All of them switched their majors at least once when they came to college. Every single one. From Music Education to Communication. From Physics to Psychology. From Biology to Biophysics, and then back to Biology. Changing their minds worked for them, and being undeclared my first year of college worked for me. When I went to Summer Registration in June of 2013 (waaaayyyy back in the day), I registered for what was kind of a weird mix of classes. I knew I was interested in Economics and/or a major in the College of Business, so taking MATH 221 (or Calculus I for people whove taken some calculus in high school) was a must because it fulfilled  both Econ and Business prerequisites. In a similar vein, I signed up for ECON 102: Intro to Microeconomics. And then there was an intro course all  new DGS students were required to take, a  Sociology honors course just for  DGS James Scholars on global inequality and social change, and ENGL 200: Intro to the Study of Lit (the first course English majors take/a good way to get a taste of the English major). My DGS advisor, a very friendly man who also doubled as a History professor, knew exactly how to combine my interests in the humanities and Business into a solid schedule while making sure I was still making good use of my time at Illinois. I think I knocked out three general education requirements that semester. It was actually the perfect way to start college. I got a handle of the pace and difficulty of a large lecture-style math class, and I learned I could handle itâ€"with a lot of visits to my TAs office hours. Every single week, I went, and Im thankful for him to this day  because he was so patient with me and helped me get through a class that had me constantly terrified (because Im not only a mediocre math student but a dramatic one). I also reaffirmed the love for Economics Id already established taking Macroeconomics in high school, tried Sociology for the first time  and found out it wasnt really destined to be my major, and had a serious Aha! moment in that English class. ENGL 200 basically sealed my fate as an English major, a major I declared at the end of the Spring 2014 semester.  I was legitimately thrilled to attend every class. I just sat there and thought, This is why Im in college! This is it! I loved the discussions, the content, and ultimately thrived. It was cool and almost bizarre how one semester in DGS did so much for me. So, dont be afraid to be undeclared. Be comfortable in your own confusion! Because if you take the time to try different paths and do it in a smart way  (with the help of a good advisor), youll find your way. Maggie Class of 2017 After starting my time at Illinois Undeclared in the Division of General Studies, I’m majoring in English and Economics with a minor in Informatics from the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. I’m from the relatively small town of Manhattan, Illinois.

Perceiving the Need for Social Change in A Christmas Carol - Literature Essay Samples

Dickens’s â€Å"A Christmas Carol† is set in Victorian London and tells the story of the transformation of a wicked, miserly Scrooge into a benevolent humanitarian via supernatural intervention. The invited reading persuades readers to accept that despite the gap between rich and poor, inspired individuals are capable of changing society, social change is desired by the powers of the supernatural realm, and small steps can be achieved by wealthy individuals who fulfill their duty of kindness to the less fortunate. The writer’s purpose is stated in the words of Marley’s ghost: â€Å" Mankind was my business† and implemented by allowing the reader to share the rigorous re-education of Scrooge. Dickens achieves his purpose of positioning readers to favour social change through the use of powerful stereotypical representations of real world and supernatural characters which compel readers to criticise and reflect on the wrongness of attitudes, values and beliefs of a selfish Victorian society. The reader initially rejects the main character, Ebenezer Scrooge, whose greed-driven values are contrasted with Bob Cratchit , a poor, underpaid, kindly clerk devoted to his family. Dickens emphasises that money lust has made Scrooge a miserable, toxic character who spreads misery. Yet his observations grow, and his viewpoint evolves as his relationship with the Cratchits grows: They were not a handsome family; they were not well dressed; their shoes were far from being waterproof; their clothes were scanty; and Peter might have known, and very likely did, the inside of pawnbrokers. But they were happy, grateful, pleased with one anothers company, and contented with the time. The reader disapproves of his coldheartedness and sympathises with the people he mistreats: the Cratchits, his nephew, Fred, and Belle, his former fiancà ©e who recognised Scrooge had made â€Å"a golden idol†(p65) of money. The reader’s greatest sympathies are directed towards the Cratchit family, serving Dicken’s purpose of promoting the welfare of the working class. Tiny Tim, condemned to poverty and physical misery as well, is an important device in Scrooge’s transformation. That Scrooge has ignored this pitiful little boy is central to his failure as a human being. Befriending the child, signifies the awakening of his human spirit to the power of kindness. Dickens implies in Tiny Tim’s words â€Å"God bless us, everyone!† that the purpose of life lies in feeling happy about helping the needy. Through his relationship with the Cratchit family, Scrooge learns about the joy of giving, the value of kindness and generosity, and the pleasures of living as a member of a loving family. The portrayal of Tiny Tim’s death affects Scrooge deeply, positioning the reader to love children, and want to help an underprivileged handicapped child. Tim calls the reader to accept Christian teachings when he says, â€Å"I want people to see me because I am a cripple† Through Dickens’ detailed descriptions of supernatural characters, and his evocative emotional use of shocking imagery, the reader shares Scrooge’s deeply emotional journey which teaches him compassion. Scrooge believes in ghosts, and the chained, doomed ghost of Marley introduces the reader to fear of the supernatural, of death and of the afterlife. Fear inspires the reader to share the Christian belief that the price of today’s mistakes is eternal wandering in a void of misery after death. You are fettered, said Scrooge, trembling. Tell me why? I wear the chain I forged in life, replied the Ghost. I made it link by link, and yard by yard; I girded it of my own free will, and of my own free will I wore it. Along with Scrooge, the reader accepts this as truth. With supernatural teachers, the Ghosts of Christmas, Scrooge’s ignorance is destroyed through a painful moral education process which the reader shares. The shock of experiencing shame and guilt at his unkind treatment of others, followed by the fear of eternal damnation that Scrooge faces are life-changing. Scrooge faces the ugly eternal consequences of his wrongdoings. Through sharing Scrooge’s experience, the reader also fears punishment in the afterlife, and like Scrooge, resolves to live a better life.Minor characters are contrasted against Scrooge, and also provides glimpses of the life and values of the poor class. Ragged, unhappy, hungry children are advertisements sending an anti poverty message to the reader. The inclusion of humble miner’s hut and the lonely lighthouse expand the reader’s awareness of the extent of both poverty and the kindly human spirit of the poor class. The benevolent employer, Fezziwig is contrasted with the mean spirited Scrooge, showing the reader that some people are already practising compassion . The parade of morally good char acters impresses that society is struggling to help the poor, and this change needs to be boosted by more helping hands.Dickens’ moral message is repeated for emphasis in each stage, by each spirit of Christmas, and through every character and situation in the novella. When Scrooge’s nephew, Fred, comments that â€Å"offenses carry their own punishments† he is supporting Dickens’s Christian moral viewpoint, further appealing to the reader to be reasonable and understand the importance of helping out the needy . He is repeating the message of Marley’s ghost, who teaches that the faults of life will be paid for in death. The personal effort required to change is rewarded when Scrooge summons his courage to knock on Fred’s door. Finally, Scrooge is deeply grateful for the help he received to change his ways, shown when he says â€Å"I shall love this doorknocker as long as I live†. This positions the reader to share Scrooge’s hap piness and believe that change is achievable and desirable, and to make the effort.Finally, the reader walks the road of moral redemption with Scrooge, learning with him that â€Å"the common welfare.. charity mercy, forebearance and benevolence† p49 are every man’s duty. The various range of character representations and their experiences support Scrooge’s transformation, persuading the reader to accept the need for social change, and to follow Scrooge’s example. His successful transformation offers the reader a role model which affirms the power of the individual to correct the social injustice caused by greed and uncontrolled capitalism.

Analysis Of Dale ( 2001 ) Looks At Sustainable Development...

Although humans know they are slowly damaging the environment in which they need to survive, they continue to do so. Dale (2001) asserts that it may be as a result of feeling powerless to reverse the situation; therefore their efforts are often futile. In order to truly see sustainable change, Dale (2001) believes there must be collaboration between different levels of government, and aggressive action taken. Throughout the book, Dale (2001) looks at sustainable development through three main lenses: ecological, social, and economic. She asserts that each lens is different, but equal in importance to make a more sustainable future (Dale, 2001). Although this book was written in the context of both Canada and the larger global society, I feel that Dale’s (2001) lessons are relevant to the United States, and are worth sharing for this book report project. Further, based on the examples of cities we have studied so far in Green Government Initiatives, it seems as though many citi es are following her advice. This book review will consist of a further look at the three main components of sustainable development mentioned above, examples of how cities in America are applying the concepts, and will conclude with recommendations for the future. Dale (2001) was especially interested in paradigms surrounding sustainable development. She finds fault in the general public’s acceptance of commonly held environmental beliefs just because it is the narrative they have been fed for theirShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesintellectual traditions that contribute to our understanding of organizations. Professor Tomas Mà ¼llern, Jà ¶nkà ¶ping International Business School, Sweden . McAuley, Duberley and Johnson’s Organizational Theory takes you on a joyful ride through the developments of one of the great enigmas of our time – How should we understand the organization? Jan Ole Similà ¤, Assistant Professor, Nord-Trà ¸ndelag University College, Norway I really enjoyed this new text and I am sure my students will enjoy it, tooRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagesproduct or service development should be What the appropriate time horizons for investments and financial planning are How to implement productive cost reduction How to recognize when regular audits of quality compliance will not guarantee customer loyalty Businesses are growing more intricate and at warp speed. For example, consider the effects of venture capital financing, multiple marketing channel distribution, and entirely new patterns of employee recruiting, development, and training. InRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesINTRODUCTION 1 3 THE CRITICAL ROLE OF MANAGEMENT SKILLS The Importance of Competent Managers 6 The Skills of Effective Managers 7 Essential Management Skills 8 What Are Management Skills? 9 Improving Management Skills 12 An Approach to Skill Development 13 Leadership and Management 16 Contents of the Book 18 Organization of the Book 19 Practice and Application 21 Diversity and Individual Differences 21 Summary 23 SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL 24 Diagnostic Survey and Exercises 24 Personal AssessmentRead MoreHbr When Your Core Business Is Dying74686 Words   |  299 PagesLeader Expects of You Larry Bossidy A longtime CEO reveals the behaviors that leaders should look for in their subordinates – behaviors that drive individual as well as corporate performance and growth – and what those subordinates should expect in return. 58 66 Finding Your Next Core Business Chris Zook It may be hidden right under your nose. Here’s how to evaluate your current core and where to look for a new one. 78 Promise-Based Management: The Essence of Execution Donald N. Sull

The Problem Of Depression And Its Effects On The United...

Depression is a well-known mental health issue impacting a significant share of the Western population. This particular illness has become a contagious phenomenon, eliciting stigmatisation towards anyone displaying depressive behaviour. Thus, the subject is whether individuals are unknowingly, due to their cultural milieu, confusing and labelling normal notions of sadness with depression. This particular ideology can be concluded through examining the effect of the placebo in juxtaposition to anti-depressants. Results from various studies have displayed how those who rate low on depressive scales, tend to benefit from placebo antidepressant drugs. The priority focus is on female adults (20-45 years) within the western demography, considering they have the highest rates of depression, not only in the Western hemisphere, but globally as well; thus global comparisons amongst women will be necessary. It is important to note, that for the purpose of this analysis the West will constitute as developed countries (mainly the US, Australia and the UK). More so, there have been trends in discussion of genetic depression, yet that will also be disintegrated and exemplified on how easy it has become for women to self-diagnose themselves. Thus, the essay contends to argue that those who are affected by the placebo may be unknowingly and wrongfully self-diagnosed/been labelled depressed when they are indeed simply experiencing normal reactions of sadness. Depression has had a largeShow MoreRelatedLived Experiences Of Women Diagnosed With Human Papillomavirus1737 Words   |  7 Pagesmost commonly spread strains that result to genital warts and cancer are 6 and 11, 16 and 18, respectively. These common strains are currently vaccine-preventable with cervarix (for type 16 and 18) and Gardasil (types 6, 11, 16 and 18). In 2007, Australia led the first vaccine program with Gardasil which have successfully decreased the number of genital wart incidences for both men and women (Basil et al 2011; Read et al 2011). However, those who are not covered in the immunization program would needRead MoreThe Issue Of Teen Suicide1715 Words   |  7 Pagespeople wish they had helped their friend after they commit suicide. Being the victim is scary, being the witness is scarier, and being the bystander is the scariest. Suicide has been a problem for a very long time. It can be caused by stress,anxiety, bullying, and mental illnesses. Teen suicide is a huge problem because there are so many situations that can stress you out and just make you give up, especially as a teen. Almost everyone has or will have a story at some point in their life involvingRead MoreNoise Pollution1508 Words   |  7 Pagesentertainment systems, electric  megaphones, and loud people. 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Leadership Annotated Bibliography Essay - 2173 Words

Leadership Behaviour Andersen, JA amp; Hansson, PH 2011,At the end of the road? On differences between women and men in leadership behaviour, Leadership amp; Organization Development Journal, vol. 32 no. 5 pp. 428 – 441 In this article Anderson and Hansson explore the behavioural differences between women and men in managerial positions and propose explanations for the differences and similarities. The authors used data gained through questionnaires of public managers, that measured their leadership style, decision making styles, and motivation profile as to eliminate any effects of organizational differences on leadership behaviour. This investigation employs three dimensions of leadership behaviour – leadership style, motivation†¦show more content†¦This article is partially relevant to the research I am conducting. While the content may be used in a broad sense, the specifics, that fact that the research was based in the UK, may cause some disadvantages. Leadership Traits Belasen, A amp; Frank, N 2008,Competing values leadership: quadrant roles and personality traits, Leadership amp; Organization Development Journal, vol. 29 no. 2 pp. 127 – 143. The intention of this paper is to validate the number and order of leadership roles and identify the personality traits, which trigger the choice of leadership roles. The authors used a survey addressing classification and measurement questions in each of the competing values framework (CVF), which was administered to a sample of managerial leaders across organisations. Multidimensional scaling representing the underlying dimensions in a spatial arrangement was conducted, which was also used to test the degree-of-fit between the roles and quadrants as well as to examine the relationships between personality traits and leadership roles. The paper demonstrates the effectiveness of the CVF and at the same time draws conclusions about how traits affect the choice of leadership roles, how they influence the extent of managerial effectiveness and to what extent managerial choice of roles is conscious or just a stimulus response. While there is considerable agreement about the overall value of the CVF, recent research about the arrangement and dimensionsShow MoreRelatedEssay on Annotated Bibliography: Leadership1362 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Annotated Bibliography Yolanda Bowie Grand Canyon University Annotated Bibliography Lilienfeld, S. O., Waldman, I. D., Landfield, K., Watts, A. L., Rubenzer, S., Faschingbauer, T. R. (2012). Fearless dominance and the U.S. presidency: Implications of psychopathic personality traits for successful and unsuccessful political leadership.  Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,  103(3), 489 -505. http://library.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com.libraryRead MoreLeadership and Management- an Annotated Bibliography808 Words   |  4 Pagesmoderating effect of gender on leadership intervention impact: An exploratory review. Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies, 15(4), 325-341. * In this article there are four research questions. The first research question was to evaluate the effect of leadership interventions directed towards developing certain leadership characteristics amidst study participants in leadership roles. The second research question was whether the effect of leadership interventions in laboratory versusRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography On The Implications Of Psychopathic Personality Traits For Successful And Unsuccessful Political Leadership1312 Words   |  6 PagesAnnotated Bibliography and Outline Lilienfeld, S. O., Waldman, I. D., Landfield, K., Watts, A. I., Rubenzer, S., Faschingbauel, T. R. (2012). Fearless dominance and the U.S. presidency: Implications of psychopathic Personality traits for successful and unsuccessful political leadership. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 103(3), 489-505. Lilienfeld et al., (2010) examined the attentiveness of psychopathic personality traits that aligned with job performance and leadership of the pastRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography Essay1180 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Annotated Bibliography Annotated Bibliography Barbuto, J. Wheeler, D. (2007). Becoming a servant leader: Do you have what it takes? 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Ten roles for teacher leaders. Educational Leadership, 65, 74-77. Summary Teacher leaders support their campuses in a variety of ways both formally and informally. The article outlines ten ways in which teachers can contribute to the success of their campus. 1. Resource Provider – Helps one another by sharing instructional resources. 2. Instructional Specialist – Helps colleagues implement teaching strategiesRead MoreThe Chicago School Of Professional Psychology Essay1221 Words   |  5 PagesWritten Assignment 4.1: Annotated Bibliography Luis A. Santiago-Gaetan The Chicago School of Professional Psychology Brief Introduction This paper contains a brief annotated bibliography of research articles selected on the specific research topic of the perceived institutional ethical behavior of US-based multinational corporations and its relationship with organizational longevity. Following the five peer-reviewed qualitative research articles. APA Annotation Aleksic, A. (2013). 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How Gambling Has Become The Favorite Distraction Of Americans

Gambling has become the favorite distraction of Americans and could very well be the world s oldest pastime with the dollars spent doubling since 2006 from $57 billion to $116.9 billion in 2016 (Pempus 1; Vacek 1; Finger 1) . Those dollars have been divided between traditional gambling, from brick and mortar casinos such as the Bellagio in Las Vegas, Nevada and Mill Bay Casino in Manson, Washington to Cashman Casino, myKONAMI, and Slotmania, the most downloaded online application (app) of 2012 (Torres 2). With the emersion of virtual worlds, online casino apps have gained momentum with over 230 million users per month based on previous industry reports. So what really is the difference between the two methods of gambling? What has†¦show more content†¦Within 60 seconds of opening the app. You re a millionaire! popped on the screen and a claim now button but then a Hot Shot Sale popped up where coins can be bought, with real money, to purchase fake coins to play for minutes or hours. In the online casino slots, wagering isn t the $1 gamblers would find in a traditional casino, it s usually in the thousands but the wins are larger also, as reflected in Figure 2; a win of $12,217,500 with a bet of $90,000 per spin. Conversely, gambling in a traditional casino doesn t pay $12 million dollars, unless of course you re a high roller with wads of cash in Vegas and that only happens one in 176 million, so no millionaire in 60 seconds applies here. Playing at a local casino requires a little more effort than on an app with pulling a phone out of your pocket or purse and hitting spin. It s more like, don on a t-shirt and a pair of jeans instead of the pajamas you could wear if you were playing online, get in your car, drive 45 minutes, find a parking space, and enter a smoke filled building with noise as loud as a jet engine. Be prepared to walk away a loser. Unlike playing online, with $700,000 starting money, it s more like a $20 bill or a couple hundred to wager. As you take a seat next to a person blowing their cigarette smoke your way, you d put you money in the slot and hit the spin button, just as you would online. Spin after spin after spin, noShow MoreRelatedEssay on Extreme Gambling: Addiction or Obsession?2329 Words   |  10 PagesGambling in the United States seems to be as American as apple pie. Going to the convenience store to pick up your weekly lottery ticket, then day dreaming about what you would do if you won. I have actually calculated how much I would give to each family member, how many houses I would buy and trips I would take. Once a year I take my wife to the casino for her birthday. We take a couple hundred dollars and spend all night at the roulette table, then end the night at the slot machine. It canRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe and His Unique Writing Style1843 Words   |  8 PagesEdgar Allan Poe is a unique writer with a truly unique writing style, which he displays in his work â€Å"The Raven†. 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Introduction to Working with Children Free Essays

string(207) " a different culture or religion which may take them out of the setting for religious events with their families, which must be a decision that you respect, even if the culture or religion isn’t your own\." Unit 1 – An introduction to working with children E1) Statutory care and education must, by law, be provided by the government and be free of charge. An example of a statutory education setting is Primary School. While some Primary Schools are private, there must also be Primary Schools that are free of charge to attend. We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction to Working with Children or any similar topic only for you Order Now Private care and education is education or care that must be paid for. An example of a private education setting is a private Nursery. Most Nurseries are private and require a fee for admitting children. Voluntary care and education settings do not charge a fee for admittance and are staffed by volunteers. They are mainly funded by charities and small donations from parents. An example of a voluntary care and education setting is a Parent and Toddler group. E2) Primary Schools aim to support children in their education, physical development, emotional development, social development and cognitive development. Educationally, they teach children a variety of subjects with much focus on literacy and numeracy skills. Primary Schools help to identify children’s learning needs and relay useful information to parents on their children’s development. They also offer extra support for children who need it. Primary Schools offer family liaison officers and children’s liaison officers should parents feel they need help. Primary Schools also offer the chance for parents to go to work during the hours they’re educating their children. Nurseries aim to support children in their education, physical development, emotional development, social development and cognitive development. Educationally, they teach children colours, numbers, the alphabet and various other skills and subjects children need to help them learn more in the future. They teach using the EYFS. Most Nurseries provide flexible hours so parents can go to work. Some Nurseries provide an out-of-school club, where children can play, be fed and socialise until their parents are able to pick them up. Nurseries also work to help identify any special needs of children and communicate with parents on the best way to deal with any issues their child may have. Parent and Toddler groups aim to support children in social development, helping children gain confidence and make friends, which is a good way to get children comfortable with socialising before they go to a Nursery. Parent and Toddler groups aim to support families by giving them the opportunity to socialise with other parents and, if needed, teach them how to play with children as often, parents are unsure of how to communicate and have fun with their child. In many Parent and Toddler groups, a health visitor will be on-hand to give out health advise and check their children’s physical development. E3) One of the main pieces of legislation in the UK that supports the rights of children is the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC). The UNCRC covers all the basic rights of a child including health, education, emotional care, privacy and human rights. The Child Care Act 2006 provides the framework to the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) and the Every Child Matters scheme (now known as ‘Help Children Achieve More’). Under this Act, child care settings have to meet National Standards to help children achieve their full potential. It incorporates the welfare standards that all settings working with children under the age of 8 must comply with. This Act outlines the importance of standards in child care settings and children being kept safe, healthy and being able to enjoy their lives, which are all directly related to articles 19, 23, 24, 28, 29, 36, 33 and 37 in the UNCRC. Education Act 2002 promotes the local authorities’ and educational facilities’ duty regarding safeguarding and child welfare. This relates to protection from physical abuse, sexual abuse, mental abuse and kidnapping. It also relates to the authorities and educational facilities providing privacy and allowing children their dignity. Articles 11, 16, 17, 19, 34, 35, 37 and 39 in the UNCRC also cover this. Education Act 2004 was designed to ensure different services, such as social workers and GPs, work and communicate with each other effectively. This Act was largely a consequence of the Victoria Climbie inquiry, which also was also largely responsible for the Every Child Matters (Help Children Achieve More) programme. Education Act 2004 relates to articles 3, 4, 24, 28, 39 and 40 in the UNCRC. Equality Act 2010 replaced previous anti-discrimination laws, for example, Disability Discrimination Act 1995. The Act was brought in to try to stop discrimination in settings and the workplace. The Equality Act 2010 covers 9 protected characteristics: gender reassignment, age, disability, pregnancy and maternity, marriage and civil partnership, sexual orientation, race, sex and religion or belief. Equality Act 2010 relates to articles 2, 12, and 14. E4) E5) A child should be valued, respected and treated as an individual with opinions of their own. It is easier to value yourself if other people value you too. If you don’t value yourself, you may end up permanently afraid of being rejected so you may push people away for your own protection. All children are different and should be treated for their individual needs so that they can accomplish everything to the best of their ability. All families are different also, and knowing a child as the individual they are, you can help them through situations such as their parents splitting up, as some children cope with things in a different way. Due to all children having different personalities, likes and dislikes, emotions and ways of thinking, you should help them to learn in different ways that suit the kind of person they are. For example, one child may learn better through listening, while another child may learn better by doing practical tasks. Knowing how different children like to learn can help you teach them more effectively and let them get the best of their education. Children should also be valued for being of a different culture or religion which may take them out of the setting for religious events with their families, which must be a decision that you respect, even if the culture or religion isn’t your own. You read "Introduction to Working with Children" in category "Essay examples" Special arrangements must be made for some religions such as Jewish children only eating kosher foods. Decisions made by parents must also be respected as parents are children’s primary educators. If a family doesn’t want something taught to a child, you must respect their wishes. E6) A professional skill needed by practitioners is teamwork. Teamwork is necessary for the care of children because children must be kept an eye on at all times to keep them safe, and in a room of twenty three year olds, one person cannot keep watch on all of them. Also, different people have different knowledge, and collaborating knowledge and ideas is helpful to keep things interesting and new for children. Another professional skill needed by practitioners is organisation. This is because you must keep an organised environment to avoid chaos and also because children must be observed for the benefit of knowing the child’s limitations, strengths and skills so they can be taught and handled accordingly. Problem solving is also another professional skill that is needed in order to keep order. It is needed to solve problems, whether they be between people or the way things are run in the setting. An example of this is staff to child ratios. A manager may need to work out how many children are going to be in the setting and how many staff they’ll need to meet the needs of the children. E7) Study skills such as time management can help in your training because it means you’ll be able to get to your classes and placements on time and get the full benefit of your allotted time in class. Note-taking can help you in your assignments and research, making it easier to do your work and remember what you’ve been taught. It also helps with observations in settings, making it easier to write them up. Flashcards can help you memorise specific terms, words and pieces of information in preparation for exams and essay-writing. This can be helpful in settings for learning children’s names. Communication can help you read and write your essays and work to the best of your ability. Asking someone else how they would word something can give you a good idea of how you should word it. Communication skills in a setting are vital for the welfare and education of the children because a lack of communication can mean that errors that put children in jeopardy can occur. Reading is a good study skill to have, as you can learn much by reading and it can give you quotes and examples for your essays. Being able to read in a setting can help you learn more about children if you’re reading their file. Concentration is essential for studying as becoming distracted could make you late for handing in essays or you may miss something vital in class. In a setting, you must concentrate on your task of looking after the children or accident may occur. Writing skills are important in class as your essays must be clear to read and if you have good writing skills, essays are easier to write. In a setting, writing skills are needed to teach children how to write and so you can write up clear reports and observations on the children. D1) Practitioners should develop and maintain good relationships with parents because that way, it will be easier to communicate with them about the child’s needs and progress and for the parents to listen to them without being hindered by a dislike for the practitioner. Practitioners should also listen to what the parent has to say, as it may be beneficial in getting to know the child, how to deal with the child and how to meet the child’s needs. Relationships with parents should be kept appropriate and professional. Should a practitioner wish to discuss a problem they’re having with a child, the practitioner should do it through appropriate means, such as writing a letter or talking to the parent face to face within the setting, not through a social network site or texting. Arguing with a parent, for example, about the needs of their child would be inappropriate. Practitioners must respect that, as the child’s parents and primary educators, they know what is best for their children (unless it poses a serious risk to the child, in which case a practitioner would have the right to report the issue). Practitioners may make suggestions on what the child needs to parents, but if the parent doesn’t accept what the practitioner is saying, the practitioner must accept the parent’s decision. Appropriate relationships with other practitioners should be maintained also. Maintaining a proper relationship with co-workers will make working as a team easier and allow you to be able to carry out your job effectively. Maintaining good relationships with your co-worker could help you if you have a problem in the setting that you’re not sure how to deal with as they may have knowledge on how to deal with it. You can learn new things from your co-workers which could help you carry out your job effectively. If you’re arguing with a co-worker, this would make for an inappropriate relationship, which could hinder your work and create a bad atmosphere for children. Arguing with your fellow co-workers could cause a problems with teamwork which would not be beneficial to children. It could also make you and your co-workers unhappy and may cause more arguments. If you’re preoccupied with arguing with a co-worker, it may distract you from your job and from meeting the children’s needs. D2) Working in a team with other agencies collaborates different practitioners from different sectors and professions to provide a more effective way of working with children. Children who need additional support can get the right support for their needs. An example of when a multi-agency team would be considered effective and relevant would be if a practitioner follows the Common Assessment Framework because the practitioner believes the child may have some form of learning disability. If proper protocols and procedures are followed, a plan would be tailor-made to suit the child’s needs, which may include agencies such as social workers, Doctors, specialists in the disability, and teachers, who would meet to discuss with the child’s parents how best to deal with the child’s needs. The agencies involved would share information on the child to make sure everybody involved in the child’s care knows how to effectively care for the child and meet the child’s needs. Working with different agencies if beneficial to a child with special needs because each agency specialises in a different sector of care and the information different sectors can provide will be provided to the other agencies involved with the child’s care, meaning new knowledge will be passed to different people which could also apply to caring for other children too. An example of when a multi-agency team has failed and the repercussions of their failure is the Baby P case. Many different agencies had information regarding Baby P, that, if shared, could have saved him from death. Agencies such as social workers and Doctors were involved in the welfare of Baby P, but they didn’t communicate effectively. The Baby P case happened after Children Act 2004 was created, which was largely a consequence of the murder of Victoria Climbie, another case of a multi-agency team not communicating effectively, meaning that there are still flaws within a multi-agency team working for the welfare of children. C) Early Years practitioners should listen to the views and opinions of children because what children have to say is important in learning about the ersonality of the child, and knowing the personality of the child will let you care for them more effectively because you will know how the child learns best and what their likes and dislikes are. Listening to the views of children and valuing their opinions will also higher the child’s self esteem and make them rightfully feel like their opinions have worth and are important to people. It will give them confid ence to speak up for themselves and the ability to communicate their opinions and ideas more effectively. If a child feels that their opinion doesn’t matter, they could become hesitant to join and contribute in social groups and feel shy and feel unable to stand up for themselves and what they believe in, which may upset and frustrate them and make it hard for them to make friends. B) Education Act 2002 relates to safeguarding children and making their welfare top-priority. Knowing the boundaries and limitations of your job will help you conform to this piece of legislation and make sure that what you’re doing for a child will not put them in danger or put you in danger of going against this Act by accident. It is important that practitioners understand limits and boundaries of their role. An example of when limits and boundaries should be set is with confidentiality. You must know when it’s okay to share information about a child and when it is not. Sharing information with another parent about a child that isn’t theirs would be inappropriate and would break confidentiality rules but sharing information about a child with another practitioner in the setting would be appropriate as long as the practitioner is also involved in the care of that child. The setting a practitioner is working will also have their own set of policies and procedures. Not following these policies and procedures may get the practitioner into trouble in their workplace and/or put children in danger. Some settings may ask that their practitioners not hug or kiss children. While some parents are happy to let the people who also care for their children to hug and kiss their child, it may go against the setting’s policies. When working in partnership with parents, it is essential to know your limits and boundaries as a practitioner. Practitioners must remember that the parent is the child’s primary educator and carer and that they have the right to do what they think is best for the child, even if it goes against what the practitioner thinks is best (unless it would put the child in danger). Some parents may not wish for their child to eat certain things, and as a practitioner this must be respected; if you gave their child a food that a parent has requested their child not eat, this would be crossing boundaries. A) A child centered approach promotes the child’s right to make connections, communicate and make decisions for themselves. It gives children the freedom to experience, question, search for answers and think independently in a safe environment. Practitioners take a role in letting play develop without them directing it. This enhances a child’s creativity and enhances their communication skills. An example of a popular child centered approach is the Reggio Emilia Approach. This educational philosophy was created by Loris Malaguzzi, a teacher, and the parents of the villages around Reggio Emilia, Italy, after World War II. A school was built from the ruins of the villages because it was the belief of Loris Malaguzzi and the parents of the children who attended the school that the education and care of their children was paramount to rebuilding their society. The Reggio Emilia Approach puts at the heart of its system the image of a child being powerful in their own right. â€Å"Children are seen as expressing themselves in varied ways – known as the hundred languages of children. † (www. leixs. gov. uk/using_the_reggio_Emilia_approach_to_personalise_learning. df) Reggio educators do not see children as empty vessels that require educating. They see children as capable of building their own knowledge and being full of potential and competence. â€Å"Time, and how adults use it, is central to Reggio philosophy. The rhythm and pace of the child is always given overriding importance†¦ This means really having time for children’s thoughts and ideas, and giving value to their work, their conversations and their feelings by slowing down to listen to them†. The Reggio Emilia Approach, page 21) Reggio schools allow children to direct their own projects and have free reign of materials and methods. They are watched over by Reggio teachers, but not guided by them. The children learn creativity, communication and problem solving without the guidance of adults. Loris Malaguzzi believed â€Å"Our task, regarding creativity, is to help children climb their own mountains, as high as possible†. (www. community How to cite Introduction to Working with Children, Essay examples

Financial Reporting Incentives Conservative Accounting

Question: Discuss about the Financial Reporting Incentives for Conservative Accounting. Answer: Introduction With the gradual movement of time, there has been a major reliance and compulsion of having a level of transparency as it leads to a greater projection and enhances the goodwill. This not only provides a better environment but also leads to competitive advantage. This has attracted both threat, as well as opportunities because of the vast presence of issues pertaining to environmental, social, etc. hence; this needs the attention of the accountants and demands better practice. Accountancy is concerned with the formulation of rules and policies thereby addressing the issues in a well defined manner thereby curtailing the risk to a considerable extent. The performance of environment is in tune with the natural capital that can be termed as the natures resources and the method undertaken by the management to deliver the goods, as well as services. On the contrary, the social performance highlights the effect of the organization on human and social capital while human capital deals with the efficiency, skills and motivation. Sustainable development Sustainable development is defined as the development that satisfies the needs of present without compromising the needs of the future generations. It is also said that sustainable development is the rational management of human, natural and economic resources that aims to satisfy the essential needs which are required by everyone in the long run (Slaper Hall, 2011). It is an act of management that uses the resources in a manner so that the future generation are not devoid of the benefits. It aims at creating a balance between present and future economic development by ensuring conservation of natural resources and environmental pollution. It requires integrating the economic and environmental goals (KMPG, 2016). However, the focus of sustainable development is not only to protect the environment but also to create a strong and just society. There are certain sustainable development goal which are to take an action and end poverty, protect the planet and ensures that all people enjo y peace and prosperity. This sustainable development is also known as global goals. Sustainable development can be conceptually broken into three parts: environment sustainability, economic sustainability and socio-political sustainability. There are certain principles which need to be followed to achieve the global goals (Oates, 2009). Some of the principles are-The principle of social responsibility- In the long run, unsustainable patterns of production and consumption must be changed to improve the standard of living (ACCA, 2009). The polluter pay principle- It means that the party responsible for causing pollution is made liable to pay for the damages caused to the environment. This principle is also known as Extended Polluter Responsibility. The principle of utilising local resources-Efforts should be made to supply the needs of communities on a local level from local resources. Utilisation of manmade resources and cultural heritage are also very important tasks (Eccles Krzus, 2010). The principle of public participation- Peoples knowledge about sustainable development, its social and economic implications and about sustainable solution should be enhanced and clarified. Role of Accounting in sustainable development Accounting directly and indirectly contributes towards the sustainable development. It is like a sub category of financial accounting which discloses the non financial information about the firm. It gives an account of the social responsibilities carried out to encourage sustainable development. It is a tool used by an organisation to become more sustainable (Ibrahim et. al, 2013). The inclusions of environmental considerations as a part of corporate strategy improve corporate performance. It helps in creating awareness of how they can help an organisation address issues of sustainability and more fully incorporate their issues in business strategy. Accounting for sustainability involves linking sustainability initiatives to company strategy, evaluating risks and opportunities, and providing measurement, accounting and performance management skills to ensure that the sustainability is embedded into the day to day operations of the company (Ibrahim et. al, 2013). There are certain performances that are assessed with financial measures include personal income and expenditure, employment, taxes and business climate factors. Establishing a healthy business and cash flow is an important aspect of the business. The main reason why business exists is to satisfy the needs of people. To achieve this, the company need to invest a lot of resources for formulating strategies that can enhance customer satisfaction. The company also has to divert significant amount of resources in promotional activities so that they can ascertain that their clients are well advised concerning their products. Wage and benefits are primary motivating factors for employees in most of the companies. There is a comparison between other benefits such as pension and health that are given to employees. Training is very essential in sharpening the skills of the employees and also motivating them. This component pre determines the programs that are necessary for fostering the participation of employees in taking decisions. The ratio for the budget of training to that of annual operating costs needs to be included only when the training has been carried out. The aspect of employment usually focuses on the financial aspects of jobs being offered with the aim of making sure that the companys resources are not mismanaged and are used in an effective manner. It entails assessing the total workforce in terms of the employment type, the number and rate of employment as well as the region. The measure must include any benefits provided to full time employees which temporary worker does not receive. Social measures are made in reference to the community or a particular area. This variable covers employment rate, median household income, relative poverty, life expectancy as well as the rate of crime. When the company demonstrates its contribution social responsibility then it can increase its profitability. Social initiatives can be taken by staff, community or the suppliers (Integrated reporting, 2016). The key benefits of following the social measures includes the long term profitability, improved retention of staffs, building strong image of the company as well as gaining customers loyalty and confidence. Such variable measure the natural resources and can reflect the potential influence in terms of its effectiveness. Internal factors may include the energy consumed per employee or consumer, spills, penalties and fines. The external factors may cover aspects such as quality of air, water, solid and toxic waste, natural resources, energy consumption as well as use of land (Integrated reporting, 2016). There are certain specific measures that are taken into account when making an assessment of the environment component and these include solid waste management, hazardous waste management, electricity consumption and alterations in the usage of land. There is a comparative analysis done of the cost of different sources of energy and its effectiveness. The use of energy directly affects the environment and its affects are extended to the global level. The use of non renewable resource should be minimised to safe the future generations from deprivations of such resources. Integrated Reporting in Australia The scandals in the corporate arena has highlighted that the ESG management that is the environment, social and governance matter of a company influences the performance that is in tune with the finance and this leads to a strong influence over the value of the shareholder. Thereby, integrated reporting goes beyond the traditional time span and inter links both financial, as well as non-financial data so that proper information can be provided to the stakeholders that deals with the performance of the organization. The IIRC has strongly provided an integrated framework that helps in proper communication that helps the stakeholders. When it comes to the point of view of Australia, firms of internal advisory such as Deloitte, PwC has provided their consent to the matter of integrated reporting after proper identification of the utility of information of non-financial nature (Carol et. al, 2016). It is of the view that when an organization is integrated in nature, it leads to a policy, as well as vision that heads in a proper direction and helps in disclosing information that pertains to financial, as well as non-financial. Innumerable companies have opined that the concept of integrated reporting is of great use because it has a dual nature as it signifies the deficiency present in the present framework and even projects how the management of financial can and non-financial information can be done (Barbu et. al, 2014). When it comes to Australia, there are regulations prescribed by ASX and the companies need to adhere to it. But, when it comes to the prospect and benefits of integrated reporting, there is huge requirement for disclosing the information. This is due to the fact that the plan of integrated reporting helps in covering a major chunk of the company in terms of parameters and information thereby overtaking other financial details. Moreover, taking into view point the current market scenario of Australia, it can be commented that the there are various s takeholders group like investors, agencies, etc. that require valuable information and it helps in the evaluation of the company. Hence, for such group it is imperative that the awareness should be increased and advocated so that the importance of other factors can be known (Barbu et. al, 2014). Hence, in such a situation, integrated reporting can be of great use that helps in providing valuable information in terms of challenges and opportunities. Importance of Integrated Reporting Reporting in Australia has tend to be investor friendly that helps in value creation together with the concept of high governance and sustainability. It leads to a better show inn terms of leadership and generation of values. Moreover, as per ICAA, the IR concept even facilitates the emergence of teams of finance and CFO. The participants were not present in initiative that was done on a voluntary basis. Further, there is no reporting structure that will accommodate the concept of Global reporting Initiative (GRI), World Resources Institute, etc (Druckman, 2016). Hence, amidst the entire scenario, it can be said that the present, as well a future performances can be achieved when IR concept is put into implementation. IR is relevant in every respect because it leads to enhanced level of performance. In reality, creativity, as well as learning leads to enhanced level of performance (Bushman Piotroski, 2006). It prepares the organization with a strong model that is ready to adapt to a ny situation and hence, benefits the long term perspective of the company. IR projects the developments that happens in the recent times and report the actions that are undertaken by the company such as traditional report, CSR, sustainable development, environmental report, etc (Melville, 2013). Conclusion The report sheds light on the concept of sustainability and integrated reporting. Both the concept are of paramount importance because it is directly in tune with the future prospect of the company. All these are characterized by different dimensions that affect performance and these include financial, social and environmental. The performance measures under the environmental dimensions are greenhouse gases, waste, energy as well as water while performance measure for social dimensions includes managing the supply chains and social initiatives involving the community (Spiceland et. al, 2011). Finally, the dimension of economics and finance is concerned with performance measures such as customer satisfaction, employment, employee training, wage benefits. The company may face any kind of challenges which may be related to any of the category but it should carry out its operations intelligently. Therefore, both the concept IR and sustainability holds a special importance and it is the d uty of the company to have a strong hold over these concepts so as to have a strong reporting. References ACCA 2009, Key Issues in Sustainability Assurance, Research report 115, The Association of Chartered Certified Accountants. Barbu, EM, Dumontier, P, Feleaga, N, Feleaga, L 2014, 'A Proposal of an International Environmental Reporting Grid: What Interest for Policymakers, Regulatory Bodies, Companies, and Researchers?', The International Journal of Accounting, vol. 49, no. 2, p. 253. Bushman, R. Piotroski, R 2006, Financial reporting incentives for conservative accounting: The influence of legal and political institutions, Journal of Accounting and Economics, vol. 42, pp. 107-148. Carol, A.A, Brad, P, Prakash J. S, Jodi Y 2016, Exploring the implications of integrated reporting for social investment (disclosures), The British Accounting Review, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 286-296 Druckman, P 2013, Integrate reporting framework aims to promote lasting sustainable change, viewed 24 October 2016, https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/blog/integrated-reporting-framework-sustainable-change Eccles, R.G. Krzus, M. 2010, One Report: Integrated Reporting for a Sustainable Strategy, Wiley, New Jersey, USA. Ibrahim M, S Osama F Attayah, P 2013, Critical Factors Influencing Voluntary Disclosure: The Palestine Exchange PEX, Global Journal of Management and Business Research Finance, vol. 13 no. 6, pp. 9-15 Integrated reporting (IR) 2016, What? The tool for better reporting, viewed 28 November 2016, https://integratedreporting.org/what-the-tool-for-better-reporting/ KMPG 2016, Performance insight through Better Business Reporting, viewed 28 November 2016, https://www.kpmg.com/Global/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesPublications/Documents/road-to-integrated-reporting.pdf Melville, A 2013, International Financial Reporting A Practical Guide, 4th edition, Pearson, Education Limited, UK Oates, T. 2009, Jigsaw must be complete, Sustainable Business, Sydney. Slaper, T. F., Hall, T. J. 2011, The Triple Bottom Line: What Is It and How Does It Work? Indiana Business Review. vol. 86, no. 1, pp. 6-10. Spiceland, J., Thomas, W. Herrmann, D 2011, Financial accounting, New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin,University Press.