How Evil is Portrayed in Lord of the Flies by George Orwell Essay examp

How Evil is Portrayed in Lord of the Flies by George Orwell William Golding utilizes moral story in Lord of the Flies to depict the abhorrence that is in individuals. A moral story is a story with a basic significance just as a strict one. William Golding utilizes moral story on two levels in Lord of the Flies, one identifying with World War Two that had simply occurred when the book was composed and another identifying with Jesus Christ and the Garden of Eden. A significant part of the novel is the time in which it was composed, because of the Second World War finishing. This implies that Golding would have encountered and seen the cold-bloodedness and harshness of man. William Golding had a hypothesis regarding why individuals do malicious things. This was known as the 'first sin' or 'inward underhanded'. He accepted that when you are conceived you have a specific measure of good and a specific measure of underhandedness inside you. There are numerous characters that are protrayed as abhorrent, one of which is Roger. Roger is unadulterated insidiousness, and just in the last four sections does the peruser find this. Roger is by all accounts very bashful toward the start of the story when he walks in with the ensemble. Nonetheless, as the story advances, Roger begins to give indications of malice getting away from him. Roger could be compeared to satan in a metaphorical level. He can be decribed as satan in view of the quantity of wickedness acts which have been manufested by him. He additionally is the person who is exclusively answerable for the demise of Piggy. Roger is depicted as a little kid with messy and shaggy dark hair, ' he was observably darker than when he had dropped in, however the stun of dark hair down his scruff and low on his brow, appeared to suit his bleak face and mama... ... depict abhorrent in the Lord of the Flies, for example, Roger, the 'scar' and the 'beastie'. Toward the finish of the novel they are spared by a maritime official. The appearance of the maritime official accordingly appears to be a cheerful and amusing completion, however on the off chance that one burrows further it is only a duration from one war to another. When all the young men jump on the Navy cruiser, they'll in all likelihood simply be exposed to more fight and battling, this time on an overall level, because of the war occurring in the outside world. Golding makes his perspectives and messages of the 'haziness in keeps an eye on heart' with this book, since it gives us what man is able to do if there was no social control. He has given us that without these conditions, our beliefs, values, and the nuts and bolts of good and bad are lost. Without society's inflexible principles, insurgency and viciousness can come to light.

Barnes% Noble Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Barnes% Noble - Essay Example Another factor influencing the segment of distributing is the consistent increment of the cost of oil and petroleum gas. In printing, the greater part of the crude materials utilized for printing like inks are gotten from oil. Its mail request index is likewise influenced by the increasing expense of postage. In printing, which makes the mass out of Barnes &Noble’s costs, one of the issues beside increasing expense is the huge measure of paper utilized and the harmful waste it creates, for example, solvents and inks. Moreover the business sees the computerized innovation rather costly and cuts their benefit. As to accessibility of transportation and delivery carriers, I consider no to be with regards to its accessibility since there are accessible organizations like Fedex and other aircraft organizations. The main issue seen here is the expense of cargo, and protection. As to work, Barnes and Noble perceives the endeavors of representatives by giving them a remunerating vocation experience. Serious pay, advantage bundle and advancement. It gives representatives a money related security plan, wiped out leave and incapacity pay, disaster protection, proceeding with training, travel advantages and limits (Barnes and Noble, n. d.). They accept that it is compensating to find new journalists. Normal yearly income of a print machine representative is $145,000.(First Research) while pay for authors isn't revealed. A provider has dealing power on the off chance that he have the ability to rule the contracting accomplice due o its impact, force, status or size, or through a blend of different strategies. Barnes and Noble who possesses the biggest chain of book shops in US, has the ability to order the cost of books and to control

A Study On Corruption In Bangladesh Politics Essay

A Study On Corruption In Bangladesh Politics Essay Bangladesh, without a doubt, is one of the universes most populated nations, with negligible advancement on account of its moderately late autonomy in 1971, just as its constrained assets. Bangladesh’s battle to turn into a free and created nation has been troublesome, hence making it perhaps the most unfortunate nation on the planet. It positions 36th on the planet for having the biggest bit of the populace underneath the neediness line. Since individuals don't have an adequate measure of cash, they begin to search for alternatives in which they can look for individual addition, while dismissing moral inquiries. Defilement is a putrefy plague in Bangladeshi society, infiltrating the very texture of the people’s lives. This keeps rich nations from viably administrating critical guide to neediness stricken Bangladesh as a result of concerns with respect to the wild destitution. Defilement not just handicapped people the financial improvement of a nation, yet it likewise harms capital collection, builds salary imbalance, neediness and diminishes the viability of advancement aid.[1] Due to its geographic area, Bangladesh is exposed to numerous cataclysmic events, for example, floods, quakes and torrents. Bangladesh’s powerlessness to cataclysmic events irrefutably leaves the greater part the country subject to water, which is currently their methods for living. Individuals in Bangladesh can't meet the essential necessities of life and therefore, this triggers destitution. Over 45% of Bangladesh’s populace is beneath the neediness line starting at 2004. Subsequently, the procedure of destitution prompts numerous individuals going into misery. In the same way as other creating countries, Bangladesh faces huge difficulties. It will never have a practical future since factors like defilement, defenselessness to catastrophic events and destitution frustrate the nation’s progress. Bangladesh is, where in excess of 40 percent of the pop ulace lives not exactly a dollar daily, and a factor like defilement is simply shielding its economy from improving. Worldwide guard dog Transparency International evaluated Bangladesh the world’s most degenerate country for five continuous years since 2001.[2] It has been assessed that about 75% more than $35 billion dollars got since autonomy has been lost for corruption.[3] Many government officials in Bangladesh accomplish private addition furtively and are rarely considered responsible or blamed for it in light of the fact that for their high positions. Indeed, even the most noteworthy officials of governmental issues and legal executive have been polluted by the abhorrence of defilement. Cash is constantly used to top off the pockets of debased agents. The informed are chosen through apparatus, and once they have an enormous state in the administration, they abuse their capacity of power. The expansion in defilement is because of wrong and lacking uses of law. There hav e been no viable advances or exercises taken to fight wrongdoing. Clearly, it is difficult to make a move against degenerate government authorities thus this all supports them towards more prominent corruption.[4] Corruption is additionally apparent due to Bangladesh’s inability to rehearse appropriate majority rule government. At the point when cash is plagued into Bangladesh’s economy, it is never used to abrogate its shortcomings and rather utilized deceptively. Since freedom, the greater part of the individuals who controlled the nation were degenerate. Taking all things together, the nonappearance of dependable and legit initiative to control a country is the significant reason for the expansion in corruption.[5]

50 Great Argumentative Essay Topics for Any Assignment

50 Great Argumentative Essay Topics for Any Assignment SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Sooner or later, you’re going to be approached to compose a pugnacious paper. A factious article is actually what it seems like-a paper wherein you’ll be making a contention, utilizing models and research to back up your point. Be that as it may, not all pugnacious article subjects are made equivalent. In addition to the fact that you have to structure your exposition option to goodly affect the peruser, however even your decision of subject can affect how perusers feel about your work. In this article, we’ll spread the essentials of composing pugnacious expositions, including what contentious papers are, the means by which to compose a decent one, and how to pick a subject that functions for you. At that point look at a rundown of pugnacious article thoughts to assist you with beginning. What Is an Argumentative Essay? A factious article is one that makes a contention through research. These papers take a position and bolster it through proof, be that as it may, in contrast to numerous different sorts of papers, they are keen on communicating a particular contention upheld by research and proof. A decent pugnacious article will be founded on built up or new research as opposed to just on your contemplations and sentiments. Envision that you’re attempting to get your folks to raise your stipend, and you can offer one of two contentions in support of you: You should raise my stipend since I need you to. You should raise my remittance in light of the fact that I’ve been taking on more errands without whining. The first contention is based completely in quite a while with no real reinforcement, though the second depends on proof that can be demonstrated. Your folks are bound to react emphatically to the second contention since it shows that you have planned something for acquire the expanded remittance. Likewise, a very much explored and contemplated contention will show perusers that your point has a premise truth be told, not simply emotions. The standard five-section exposition is basic recorded as a hard copy contentious papers, yet it’s not by any means the only method to keep in touch with one. A pugnacious exposition is normally written in one of two configurations, the Toulmin model or the Rogerian model. The Toulmin model is the most widely recognized, included a presentation with a case (also called a theory), with information to help it. This style of paper will likewise incorporate replies, assisting with reinforcing your contention by envisioning counterarguments. The Rogerian model investigates different sides of a contention and arrives at a resolution subsequent to gauging the qualities and shortcomings of each. Both paper styles depend on all around contemplated rationale and supporting proof to demonstrate a point, just in two distinct ways. The significant thing to note about contentious expositions instead of different sorts of articles is that they plan to contend a particular point as opposed to disclose something or to recount to a story. While they may share a few things practically speaking with diagnostic papers, the essential contrast is in their goal a factious article plans to persuade somebody regarding something, though a scientific exposition contextualizes a theme with examine. On the off chance that all works out in a good way, your article could be in a book this way! What Makes a Good Argumentative Essay? To compose a successful pugnacious exposition, you have to realize what a decent one resembles. Notwithstanding a strong structure, you’ll need a contention, a solid theory, and strong research. An Argument In contrast to different types of expositions, you are attempting to persuade your peruser of something. You’re not simply showing them an idea or exhibiting a thought you’re building a contention to change the readers’ thinking. You’ll need to build up a decent contention, which includes your central matter, yet in addition all the pieces that make it up. Think past what you are stating and incorporate how you’re saying it. In what manner will you take a thought and transform it into an unpredictable and very much idea out contention that is equipped for changing somebody’s mind? A Strong Thesis The theory is the center of your contention. What explicit message would you say you are attempting to get over? Express that message in one sentence, and that will be your proposition. This is the establishment on which your article is fabricated, so it should be solid and very much contemplated. You should have the option to develop it with realities and sources, not simply emotions. Research A decent factious article isn’t simply dependent on your individual considerations, yet inquire about. That can be refering to sources and different contentions or it can mean direct research in the field, contingent upon what your contention is and the setting wherein you are contending it. Be set up to back your theory up with revealing from logical diaries, papers, or different types of research. Having very much looked into sources will help bolster your contention superior to noise or suspicions. In the event that you can’t discover enough research to back up your point, it’s worth reexamining your proposition or directing unique research, if conceivable. Step by step instructions to Come Up With an Argumentative Essay Topic Now and then you may get yourself contending things you don’t fundamentally accept. That’s absolutely fine-you don’t really need to wholeheartedly trust in what you’re contending so as to develop a convincing contention. Notwithstanding, in the event that you have free decision of subject, it’s a smart thought to pick something you feel emphatically about. There are two key segments to a decent factious article: a solid position, and a collection of proof. On the off chance that you’re intrigued and feel enthusiastic about the point you choose,you'll have a simpler time findingevidence to supportit, however the proof's generally significant. In this way, to pick a point, consider things you feel firmly about, regardless of whether emphatically or contrarily. You can make a rundown of thoughts and tight those down to a bunch of things, at that point develop those thoughts with a couple of potential focuses you need to hit on. For instance, say you’re attempting to choose whether you ought to expound on how your neighborhood should boycott weed executioner, that your school’s lunch ought to be free for all understudies, or that the school day ought to be cut by 60 minutes. To settle on these thoughts, you can make a rundown of three to five focuses for every that spread the distinctive proof you could use to help each point. For the weed executioner boycott, you could state that weed executioner has been demonstrated to impactsly affect honey bees, that there are basic, characteristic other options, and that weeds aren’t in reality awful to have around. For the free lunch thought, you could propose that a few understudies need to go hungry on the grounds that they can’t bear the cost of lunch, that assets could be redirected from different spots to help free lunch, and that different things, similar to chips or pizza, could be offered to help make up lost income. Also, for the school day length model, you could contend that youngsters for the most part don’t get enough rest, that you have an excessive amount of schoolwork and not sufficient opportunity to do it, and that adolescents don’t invest enough energy with their families. You may discover as you make these rundowns that some of them are more grounded than others. The more proof you have and the more grounded you feel that that proof is, the better the point. Obviously, on the off chance that you feel that one subject may have more proof yet you’d rather not expound on it, it’s alright to pickanother point. When you’re making contentions, it very well may be a lot simpler to discover solid focuses and proof in the event that you feel enthusiastic aboutour subject than if you don't. 50 Argumentative Essay Topic Ideas On the off chance that you’re battling to think of themes all alone, read through this rundown of factious exposition points to help kick you off! Science Ought to fracking be lawful? Should guardians have the option to alter their unborn kids? Do GMOs help or damage individuals? Should inoculations be required for understudies to go to state funded school? Should world governments engage in tending to environmental change? Innovation Ought to Facebook be permitted to gather information from its clients? Should self-driving vehicles be lawful? Is it moral to supplant human laborers with robotization? Ought to there be laws against utilizing mobile phones while driving? Has the web decidedly or adversely affected human culture? Sports Should school competitors be paid for being on sports groups? Should mentors and players make a similar measure of cash? Should sports be isolated by sexual orientation? Should the idea of assigned hitters in baseball be nullified? Would it be a good idea for us to sports pay attention to soccer more? Religion Should strict associations need to cover charges? Should strict clubs be permitted in schools? Ought to â€Å"one country under God† be in the vow of faithfulness? Should religion be instructed in schools? Should pastorate be permitted to wed? Wellbeing Should minors have the option to buy conception prevention without parental assent? Should the US change to single-payer medicinal services? Should helped self destruction be legitimate? Should dietary enhancements and weight reduction things like teas be permitted to promote through influencers? Should specialists be permitted to advance drugs? Government/Politics Is the appointive school a successful framework for present day America? Ought to Puerto Rico become a state? Should voter enrollment be programmed? Should individuals in jail be permitted to cast a ballot? Should Supreme Court judges be chosen? Morals Should sex work be authorized? Should Columbus Day be supplanted with Indigenous Peoples’ Day? Should capital punishment be lawful? Should creature testing be permitted? Should sedate belonging be decriminalized? Monetary Should unpaid temporary jobs be lawful? Should the lowest pay permitted by law be expanded? Should imposing business models be permitted? Is all inclusive fundamental pay a smart thought? Should organizations have a sequential duty rate? Instruction Are school outfits a smart thought? Should PE influence a studentâ

Sociological Theories About The Modern Family Free Essays

â€Å"The family is the most significant foundation in the public arena. † This announcement is rehashed in pretty much every human science message in some structure or another. Notwithstanding, current patterns recommend that there might be a few errors in this case. We will compose a custom article test on Sociological Theories About The Modern Family or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now Family is undoubtedly significant and important. It can even be characterized as significant, yet its relationship to the term institutional might be dangerous. The contention is natural in the meaning of family based of the functionalists and the contention scholars. Functionalist Theory This traditionalist, full scale level viewpoint underlines the job of family as a social foundation that adds to social security. Carroll (2012) clarifies that the brutality and dread of the French Revolution and the mass viciousness coming about because of the edgy conditions of the laborers during the Industrial Revolution prompted fears of the results of a disintegrating social request. Out of this dread developed moderate scholarly works that analyzed social securities, rules, and socialization rehearses that empower society to keep up a feeling of steadiness that benefits all citizenry. Utilitarian scholars caution of desperate results if a solid society and viable socialization rehearses are not kept up. Carroll clarifies that Émile Durkheim, the French researcher who initially introduced this hypothesis, recommended that society had an ethical power to â€Å"limit individual aspirations† so as to keep up standards and values and to restrain social change so as to forestall social change. Inside this hypothesis, family is viewed as the organization that is liable for mingling kids, managing sexual action and proliferation, and furnishes its individuals with a social personality (Carroll, 2012). Struggle Theory This large scale level viewpoint centers around the negative results of cultural standards, for example, social disparity, and looks to address and review the parts of society that sustain these unfortunate standards. Carroll (2012) clarifies that this hypothesis became out of crafted by Marx and Engels who accepted that upheaval was a fundamental advance for changing an entrepreneur social request that subjugated the common laborers (the working class) to the decision class (the bourgeoisie) and sustains neediness and hopelessness for the oppressed. The essential clash as indicated by Marx and Engels depends on sustaining social standards inside a class framework that benefits one class over another. Strife scholars look at how the nuclear family is likewise an organization that propagates disparity, by strengthening male centric society, between individuals from the family and tries to discover answers for decrease or take out these inborn imbalances. Women's activist hypothesis, specifically, assesses how sexual orientation disparity is propagated inside the family as kids are associated to satisfy future social, political, and financial jobs (Carroll, 2012). Emblematic Internationalist Theory A small scale point of view worldview analyzes the implications, translations, and understandings of the connections of people inside a general public. While this kind of hypothesis doesn't add to assessing and fathoming social issues, for example, destitution, prejudice, sexism, or social change, it allows a setting for understanding the idea of organizations, for example, the family, inside the large scale point of view speculations. Social request is transmitted through symbols†jobs, practices, and other social constructions†that are coordinated because of social connections (Carroll, 2012). Despite the fact that this is a small scale hypothetical worldview, understanding the connections, correspondence, images, and desires could add to lightening the conflict between the two large scale level hypotheses. Understanding what works and what doesn't work grants chances to change or erase the parts of family or relational peculiarities that adds to imbalance, without destroying the whole organization and causing total social change. The Changing Nature of Family O’Neill (2002) assesses the â€Å"fatherless family† and gives adequate insights to show that the breakdown of the customary group of father,â mother, and offspring†because of expanding divorce and without any father present reproduction†is associated with neediness, enthusiastic, mental, and heath issues, and connection issues with kids for solitary moms; medical problems or expanded commitment in high hazard practices for non-occupant fathers; destitution, hardship, school inconveniences, more medical issues, and expanded danger of maltreatment for kids who don't live with their organic dads. Her decision that these issues are the consequence of the breakdown of the family is a case of functionalist hypothesis. She recommends that the results are the aftereffect of the social breakdown of an imperative social establishment. A contention scholar would more than likely propose an alternate purpose behind the watched dysfunctions illustrated by O’Neill (2002). The representative internationalist would give unmistakable setting of the idea of the collaborations inside the families depicted by O’Neill and may find that the dysfunctions are not the consequence of protection from mingled standards, however in truth because of congruity. The â€Å"fatherless† family is driven by a mother, and she is probably going to be dependent upon cultural standards that reduce her capacity to acquire as much as her male partners (expanded poverty†which adds to more noteworthy pressure, decreased wellbeing, hardship, and so on ). The functionalist would contend that the upsetting outcomes found in these families are likewise vital results, as society must not compensate the individuals who try to disturb the social request. This functionalist mentality is apparent in current American political talk as various far conservative preservationist government officials are presenting and passing enactment that mirrors their fundamentalist Christian beliefs wherein man centric qualities that limit the â€Å"individual aspirations† of ladies to control their own generation. The conventional family comprises of a bread-winning dad and a home-production mother, a perfect that is held holy by this gathering of officials. The contention scholar, on the other hand, tries to find the builds in the public eye and inside the family that cause the imbalances, as opposed to accuse the disparities for the individuals who are caught by them for not adjusting to the functionalist standards. Families are proceeding to evolve†in any event the definition is†in that there is expanding acceptance†both social and legal†for families in which the essential grown-ups are an equivalent sex couple, either with or without posterity. The skirmish of philosophies despite everything seethes on in the United States, albeit an expanding number of statesâ have stretched out legitimate status to groups of this sort. In Canada, the Civil Marriage Act was passed in 2005 and after a concise re-vote in 2007†which vanquished the Conservative movement to reestablish the conventional meaning of marriage†marriage equity turned into a non-issue (strategically) when the head administrator declared his legislature would not bring it up once more (Makarenko, 2007). Family as a Societal Institution The family fills a practical need in the public arena in that it gives the earth to delivering, sustaining, and mingling the people to come. Be that as it may, the nature of family has changed altogether and a portion of the new styles of families†single parent families, living together associations, same-sex personal organizations, populist relationships, and mixed families†negate the cultural standards agent in a conventional man centric family. Cherlin (2004) clarifies that the â€Å"weakening of social standards that characterize partners’ behaviour† has deinstitutionalized marriage. The political and strict kickback is demonstrative of the moderate functionalist perspective on social soundness being dependent after keeping up the norm. Truth be told, these preservationists are holding a large number of social orders ills (for example , expanded wrongdoing, incapacitating neediness, sexual wantonness, and so on ) as proof that society is separating and customary standards must be restored so as to safeguard request. The contention scholars would contend that social standards are, truth be told, the wellspring of the dysfunctions in the public arena. The arrangement is some place in the middle. The social standards that characterize family as a foundation are likely risky. The parts of family that help and support cozy accomplices and kids are indispensable to our proceeded with prosperity. Truth be told look into recommends that the â€Å"symbolic significance† of marriage is as yet esteemed by people (Cherlin 2004). Family as an asylum, a sheltered spot to develop, learn, and accomplish, is a perfect that rouses us, yet family as an apparatus of the state to propagate imbalance is the thing that makes it a foundation. The functionalists are right, the establishments are falling flat, however another family worldview is rising. Family is progressively about the connections and what individuals from families can accomplish for one another, instead of what the unit can accomplish for the state. Burgess and Locke (1945) contended that the family is moving ceaselessly from â€Å"institution† and pushing toward â€Å"companionship†. Maybe the time has come to relinquish the functionalistâ definition and grasp the examination of the social internationalists â€Å"to comprehend the different person’s images and meanings†¦ [and] approach normal ground† (Hammond, 2009). Inglehart and Baker (2000) discovered proof in their World Values Surveys†that included 65 social orders that spoke to 75 percent of the world’s population†that strict and conventional qualities keep on leaving an engraving upon societies however monetary improvement is â€Å"associated with shifts from outright standards and

Starting College Without a Major

Starting College Without a Major When I applied to Illinois, I applied to the Division of General Studies (DGS). I was not ready to commit to a major, and major exploration sounded like exactly what I needed. At the same time, all of my friends were pretty committed to one major and one career path.  And what ended up happening? All of them switched their majors at least once when they came to college. Every single one. From Music Education to Communication. From Physics to Psychology. From Biology to Biophysics, and then back to Biology. Changing their minds worked for them, and being undeclared my first year of college worked for me. When I went to Summer Registration in June of 2013 (waaaayyyy back in the day), I registered for what was kind of a weird mix of classes. I knew I was interested in Economics and/or a major in the College of Business, so taking MATH 221 (or Calculus I for people whove taken some calculus in high school) was a must because it fulfilled  both Econ and Business prerequisites. In a similar vein, I signed up for ECON 102: Intro to Microeconomics. And then there was an intro course all  new DGS students were required to take, a  Sociology honors course just for  DGS James Scholars on global inequality and social change, and ENGL 200: Intro to the Study of Lit (the first course English majors take/a good way to get a taste of the English major). My DGS advisor, a very friendly man who also doubled as a History professor, knew exactly how to combine my interests in the humanities and Business into a solid schedule while making sure I was still making good use of my time at Illinois. I think I knocked out three general education requirements that semester. It was actually the perfect way to start college. I got a handle of the pace and difficulty of a large lecture-style math class, and I learned I could handle itâ€"with a lot of visits to my TAs office hours. Every single week, I went, and Im thankful for him to this day  because he was so patient with me and helped me get through a class that had me constantly terrified (because Im not only a mediocre math student but a dramatic one). I also reaffirmed the love for Economics Id already established taking Macroeconomics in high school, tried Sociology for the first time  and found out it wasnt really destined to be my major, and had a serious Aha! moment in that English class. ENGL 200 basically sealed my fate as an English major, a major I declared at the end of the Spring 2014 semester.  I was legitimately thrilled to attend every class. I just sat there and thought, This is why Im in college! This is it! I loved the discussions, the content, and ultimately thrived. It was cool and almost bizarre how one semester in DGS did so much for me. So, dont be afraid to be undeclared. Be comfortable in your own confusion! Because if you take the time to try different paths and do it in a smart way  (with the help of a good advisor), youll find your way. Maggie Class of 2017 After starting my time at Illinois Undeclared in the Division of General Studies, I’m majoring in English and Economics with a minor in Informatics from the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. I’m from the relatively small town of Manhattan, Illinois.

Perceiving the Need for Social Change in A Christmas Carol - Literature Essay Samples

Dickens’s â€Å"A Christmas Carol† is set in Victorian London and tells the story of the transformation of a wicked, miserly Scrooge into a benevolent humanitarian via supernatural intervention. The invited reading persuades readers to accept that despite the gap between rich and poor, inspired individuals are capable of changing society, social change is desired by the powers of the supernatural realm, and small steps can be achieved by wealthy individuals who fulfill their duty of kindness to the less fortunate. The writer’s purpose is stated in the words of Marley’s ghost: â€Å" Mankind was my business† and implemented by allowing the reader to share the rigorous re-education of Scrooge. Dickens achieves his purpose of positioning readers to favour social change through the use of powerful stereotypical representations of real world and supernatural characters which compel readers to criticise and reflect on the wrongness of attitudes, values and beliefs of a selfish Victorian society. The reader initially rejects the main character, Ebenezer Scrooge, whose greed-driven values are contrasted with Bob Cratchit , a poor, underpaid, kindly clerk devoted to his family. Dickens emphasises that money lust has made Scrooge a miserable, toxic character who spreads misery. Yet his observations grow, and his viewpoint evolves as his relationship with the Cratchits grows: They were not a handsome family; they were not well dressed; their shoes were far from being waterproof; their clothes were scanty; and Peter might have known, and very likely did, the inside of pawnbrokers. But they were happy, grateful, pleased with one anothers company, and contented with the time. The reader disapproves of his coldheartedness and sympathises with the people he mistreats: the Cratchits, his nephew, Fred, and Belle, his former fiancà ©e who recognised Scrooge had made â€Å"a golden idol†(p65) of money. The reader’s greatest sympathies are directed towards the Cratchit family, serving Dicken’s purpose of promoting the welfare of the working class. Tiny Tim, condemned to poverty and physical misery as well, is an important device in Scrooge’s transformation. That Scrooge has ignored this pitiful little boy is central to his failure as a human being. Befriending the child, signifies the awakening of his human spirit to the power of kindness. Dickens implies in Tiny Tim’s words â€Å"God bless us, everyone!† that the purpose of life lies in feeling happy about helping the needy. Through his relationship with the Cratchit family, Scrooge learns about the joy of giving, the value of kindness and generosity, and the pleasures of living as a member of a loving family. The portrayal of Tiny Tim’s death affects Scrooge deeply, positioning the reader to love children, and want to help an underprivileged handicapped child. Tim calls the reader to accept Christian teachings when he says, â€Å"I want people to see me because I am a cripple† Through Dickens’ detailed descriptions of supernatural characters, and his evocative emotional use of shocking imagery, the reader shares Scrooge’s deeply emotional journey which teaches him compassion. Scrooge believes in ghosts, and the chained, doomed ghost of Marley introduces the reader to fear of the supernatural, of death and of the afterlife. Fear inspires the reader to share the Christian belief that the price of today’s mistakes is eternal wandering in a void of misery after death. You are fettered, said Scrooge, trembling. Tell me why? I wear the chain I forged in life, replied the Ghost. I made it link by link, and yard by yard; I girded it of my own free will, and of my own free will I wore it. Along with Scrooge, the reader accepts this as truth. With supernatural teachers, the Ghosts of Christmas, Scrooge’s ignorance is destroyed through a painful moral education process which the reader shares. The shock of experiencing shame and guilt at his unkind treatment of others, followed by the fear of eternal damnation that Scrooge faces are life-changing. Scrooge faces the ugly eternal consequences of his wrongdoings. Through sharing Scrooge’s experience, the reader also fears punishment in the afterlife, and like Scrooge, resolves to live a better life.Minor characters are contrasted against Scrooge, and also provides glimpses of the life and values of the poor class. Ragged, unhappy, hungry children are advertisements sending an anti poverty message to the reader. The inclusion of humble miner’s hut and the lonely lighthouse expand the reader’s awareness of the extent of both poverty and the kindly human spirit of the poor class. The benevolent employer, Fezziwig is contrasted with the mean spirited Scrooge, showing the reader that some people are already practising compassion . The parade of morally good char acters impresses that society is struggling to help the poor, and this change needs to be boosted by more helping hands.Dickens’ moral message is repeated for emphasis in each stage, by each spirit of Christmas, and through every character and situation in the novella. When Scrooge’s nephew, Fred, comments that â€Å"offenses carry their own punishments† he is supporting Dickens’s Christian moral viewpoint, further appealing to the reader to be reasonable and understand the importance of helping out the needy . He is repeating the message of Marley’s ghost, who teaches that the faults of life will be paid for in death. The personal effort required to change is rewarded when Scrooge summons his courage to knock on Fred’s door. Finally, Scrooge is deeply grateful for the help he received to change his ways, shown when he says â€Å"I shall love this doorknocker as long as I live†. This positions the reader to share Scrooge’s hap piness and believe that change is achievable and desirable, and to make the effort.Finally, the reader walks the road of moral redemption with Scrooge, learning with him that â€Å"the common welfare.. charity mercy, forebearance and benevolence† p49 are every man’s duty. The various range of character representations and their experiences support Scrooge’s transformation, persuading the reader to accept the need for social change, and to follow Scrooge’s example. His successful transformation offers the reader a role model which affirms the power of the individual to correct the social injustice caused by greed and uncontrolled capitalism.